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English concertina
The English concertina is a member of the concertina family of free-reed musical instruments. Invented in England in 1829, it was the first instrument of what would become the concertina family.〔
It is a fully chromatic instrument, having buttons in a rectangular arrangement of four staggered rows; its buttons are ''unisonoric'', producing the same note on both the push and pull of the bellows. It differs from other concertinas in that the scale is divided evenly between the two hands, such that playing a scale involves both hands alternately playing each note in sequence.
==History==
The invention of the instrument is credited to Sir Charles Wheatstone; his earliest patent of a like instrument was granted 19 December 1829, No 5803 in Great Britain.
The English concertina was initially used for playing classical music, virtuosic solos, and chamber music. By the 1860s-1870s, the English concertina grew more popular in the music hall tradition.〔 The evangelical Salvation Army adopted all systems of the concertina as a more portable and flexible alternative to brass instruments, and published a number of tutor books showing the complexity and range of the music they played on the English system.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.concertina.com/merris/bibliography/english-tutors.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.concertina.info/tina.faq/images/salv.htm )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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